Year III
Course Requirements
Electives
AC 3305 Clinical Management for Chiropractic Practice
Common conditions affecting the spine and extremities are explored with emphasis on integration of examination findings, diagnosis, informed consent, and management through problem solving. The clinical decision making process is centred on a neurobiomechanical model integrating the clinical and biological sciences. Case presentations focus on the rationale for adjustive, manipulative and mobilization techniques of the spine, pelvis, and extremities.
AC 3306 Chiropractic Skills III
Emphasis is placed on proficiency in conducting a comprehensive examination of the spine, pelvis, extremities and rib articulations. Several new adjustive procedures are introduced along with reinforcement of adjustive procedures taught in the previous two years. Other treatment options are also considered such as manual and instrument assisted soft tissue techniques, and mobilization. The ability to correlate analysis with treatment protocol is developed to prepare students for their clinical year.
AC 3307 Auxiliary Chiropractic Therapy
The basic physics, physiological principles, indications and contraindications, and appropriate applications of therapeutic modalities, which include electrotherapy, hydrotherapy, mechanotherapy, phototherapy, thermotherapy, and cryotherapy are presented.
CD 3302 Orthopaedic Case Studies
An expedient approach to the evaluation of various orthopaedic and neurological conditions is presented. New and emerging diagnostic tests are explored.
CD 3303 Neurodiagnosis for Chiropractic Practice
Common neurological disorders are presented with particular emphasis on conditions frequently seen by chiropractors. The skills required to apply the findings of a neurological examination and correlate clinical neurological findings with other diagnostic data are developed. Emphasis is placed on the clinical pattern recognition, aetiology, signs, symptoms and differential diagnosis.
CD 3304 Differential Diagnosis for Chiropractic Practice
Students work through the history taking, physical examination, special tests, and the plan of management of several chiropractic cases. This requires the integration and correlation of previously learned knowledge.
CD 3305 Diagnosis & Symptomatology for Chiropractic Practice
An overview of advanced clinical disorders of the body systems is presented. Emphasis is placed on the aetiology, signs and symptoms, differential diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the cardiovascular, genitourinary, respiratory, gastrointestinal, endocrine, skin, ears, eyes, nose and throat and immune systems, which may confront the chiropractic practitioner.
CD 3406 Clinical Psychology
Students are provided with the background necessary to identify and respond to psychological problems effectively. The full spectrum of normal and abnormal behaviours is discussed with a specific focus on the syndromes most commonly met in chiropractic practice. Students using clinical observation, systematic inquiry and evaluation, will be able to develop a plan of management for these conditions within the context of a chiropractic practice.
CD3407 Emergency Care for Chiropractic Practice
Prerequisite: A current certification in basic first aid and CPR with AED. The first response diagnosis of emergency situations such as head and spinal injuries, stroke, shock, cardiac arrest, respiratory distress, burns, heat and cold injuries, soft tissue and bone trauma, diabetic emergencies, poisoning, and emergency child birth are presented. Emphasis is placed on the assessment of emergency situations, the triaging of injuries, and the provision of appropriate first aid in an effort to preserve life, prevent further injury, and promote recovery.
CD 3408 Chiropractic Practice: Special Populations: Paediatric Patient
The diagnosis and management of selected conditions affecting infants and preschool children are presented, including disorders of birth, child development, the neuromusculoskeletal system, orthopaedics, infectious diseases and common malignancies. The student is taught to distinguish those conditions which require referral and those which are amenable to chiropractic care. Special emphasis is placed on prevention and correction of structural problems.
CD 3409 Chiropractic Practice: Special Populations: Female Patient
Conditions of the female reproductive system and standard diagnostic gynaecologic procedures are discussed. Emphasis is placed on the differential diagnosis of functional and organic causes of gynaecologic signs and symptoms, and on the treatment of those gynaecological conditions amenable to chiropractic care. Prenatal care, childbirth, and postpartum care are discussed with an emphasis on chiropractic management.
CD 3410 Chiropractic Practice: Special Populations: Older Patient
Conditions affecting older persons are introduced including the “I”s of geriatric care (intellectual impairment, immobility, instability, iatrogenic drug reactions, incontinence and social isolation). History taking, diagnostic procedures and therapeutic interventions for chiropractic care of the older patient are presented. The importance of an interdisciplinary approach and healthful lifestyle strategies that culminate in healthy ageing are emphasized.
CE 3303 Chiropractic Clinical Practice III
Evidence informed care is emphasized. History taking, physical examination, diagnostic decision making, and patient management skills are refined, and issues relevant to the chiropractic management of a variety of clinical conditions are explored. Appropriate patient management skills are refined.
CP 3303 Chiropractic Practice: Principles & Professional Ethics II
Integration and clinical application of topics including informed consent, professional boundaries and other ethical issues, all focused on clinical issues between the practitioner and patient, are presented. Scientific evidence in support of the chiropractic management of certain nonmusculoskeletal disorders is considered. Mind body medicine is introduced.
CP 3304 Chiropractic Practice: Business and Law
The Canadian legal system, provincial Acts, Regulations, Codes, Standards of Practice, Guidelines, Policies and By-Laws; regulatory, administrative, criminal, constitutional, tort and contract law and how these affect the practice of chiropractic; laws that govern privacy, confidentiality, consent, capacity and professional negligence; the history of self-regulation; the role of regulatory bodies and different models of regulation under which chiropractors practice are presented. The rights and obligations of the chiropractor and, more importantly, of the patient are emphasized. Attendance at a disciplinary hearing of a regulated health care professional is required.
PA 3201 Systems Pathology
Systemic pathology, including aetiology, pathogenesis, morphology and microscopic features and course of the diseases of major diseases and neoplasms of different body organs are provided. Problems and clinical case scenarios are included to facilitate understanding and correlating the pathology with clinical presentation.
PA 3202 Clinical Microbiology
Clinical manifestations of infectious diseases are explored. A systems approach is employed to explore the differences of presentation of disease caused by the virus, bacteria, fungus and parasite groups, and the pathology, clinical symptomatology and treatment approach for each of these groups.
PA 3305 Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis
The use of clinical laboratory findings in clinical decision making in health and common disease states is demonstrated. Problem solving exercises are undertaken with data from the biochemistry, immunology, and haematology laboratories.
PH 3407 Clinical Nutrition for Chiropractic Practice
The clinical skills to perform a comprehensive patient assessment and lifestyle management program are developed along with communication skills for collaboration with medical practitioners to obtain objective measurements, (e.g. blood and urine tests, bone mineral density tests, PAP smears, PSA tests, mammograms, colonoscopies) important to making evidence informed recommendations regarding nutrition, exercise and supplementation.
RM 3301 Investigative Project – Protocol Development
Student groups successfully complete the literature synthesis proposal. Online support is provided.
RN 3203 Diagnostic Imaging Interpretation for Chiropractic Practice III
The aetiology, pathology, signs and symptoms, radiographic features, and management of major rheumatic diseases are presented as they relate to chiropractic practice. Special emphasis on spinal degenerative joint disease and inflammatory conditions leads to the development of a differential diagnosis and pertinent therapeutic scenarios. Clinical judgment in ordering and interpreting appropriate radiographic studies, a review of the clinical and physiological characteristics related to rheumatologic conditions and their prognoses, specialized orthopaedic examination procedures, interdisciplinary referral and case management are discussed.
RN 3301 Radiological Technology
The production of radiographs of good diagnostic quality with minimum patient exposure is emphasized, including patient positioning, calculation of proper technique factors, equipment operation, and operator protection. Simulated radiographic equipment and phantom exposures are used. The biological effects of radiation are emphasised, along with its application to the diagnostic radiographic process relating to the protection of the patient, the operator and the general public, and to the rules and regulations of the Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care and the Ministry of Labour.
RN 3302 Diagnostic Imaging Interpretation for Chiropractic Practice IV
Soft tissue radiology presents the range of normal appearances of chest and abdominal radiographs, patterns of abnormal disease processes in these regions, and indications for prompt referral. Additionally, the indications for contrast studies and special imaging procedures for the chest and abdomen are reviewed.
Electives
RMO 3302 Original Research Project Development & Completion
Identification of a faculty research supervisor, completion of Research Ethics Board (REB) approval, as necessary, and a written report of the research, of sufficient quality for submission for publication are required. The supervisor and course coordinator provide support with proposal creation, research design, and analysis. Online resources are available. Note: Successful completion of RMO 3302 will replace RM 3301 and RM 4301.
RMO 3303 Student Research Apprenticeship
Identification of a faculty project of interest, an agreement signed with the faculty investigator regarding tasks to be performed, and registration with the Research Administrator are required. If an original student project emerges from a faculty project, students can enrol in RMO 3302 to receive credit for their original project under the conditions associated with that elective.